TPR ifite ibyiza bikurikira: (1) Irashobora gutunganywa nimashini rusange yububiko bwa thermoplastique, nko guterwa inshinge, gushushanya ibicuruzwa, guhuha, guhonyora, hamwe no kwimura ibicuruzwa;... isoko yo kuvugurura umutungo;(6) Nta kirunga gisabwa kugirango uzigame ingufu.Fata urugero rwo gukoresha ingufu z'umuvuduko ukabije wa hose nk'urugero: 188MJ / kg kuri reberi na 144MJ / kg kuri TPR, ishobora kuzigama ingufu zirenga 25%;.(8) Ifungura inzira nshya zinganda za reberi kandi yagura umurima wo gukoresha ibicuruzwa.Ikibi ni uko kurwanya ubushyuhe bwa TPR bitameze neza nkibya reberi, kandi umutungo wumubiri ugabanuka cyane hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe, bityo rero kubisabwa bikaba bike.Muri icyo gihe, ihindagurika rya compression, kwihangana no kuramba birutwa nubwa reberi, kandi igiciro akenshi kiri hejuru ugereranije nicyuma gisa.Nyamara, muri rusange, ibyiza bya TPR biracyari byiza, mugihe ibibi bigenda bihinduka.Nubwoko bushya bwo kuzigama ingufu no kubungabunga ibidukikije reberi mbisi, TPR ifite ibyiringiro byiterambere.
Polyurethane (PU), izina ryuzuye ni polyurethane, ni polymer compound.Yakozwe na Otto Bayer mu 1937.Polyurethane igabanyijemo ibyiciro bibiri: ubwoko bwa polyester n'ubwoko bwa polyether.Birashobora gukorwa muri plastiki ya polyurethane (cyane cyane plastiki ifuro ifuro), fibre polyurethane (bita spandex mubushinwa), reberi ya polyurethane na elastomers.
Polyurethane yoroshye cyane ni imiterere yumurongo wa termoplastique, ifite ituze ryiza, irwanya imiti, imbaraga hamwe nubukanishi kuruta ibikoresho bya PVC, kandi bifite ihindagurika rito.Ifite ubushyuhe bwiza, kubika amajwi, kurwanya ihungabana no gukora anti-virusi.Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa nko gupakira, kubika amajwi, gushungura ibikoresho.
Plastike ya polyurethane yoroheje nuburemere, nziza cyane mukuzuza amajwi no kubika ubushyuhe, kurwanya imiti, ibikoresho byiza byamashanyarazi, gutunganya byoroshye, no kwinjiza amazi make.Ikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi, ibinyabiziga, inganda zindege, ibikoresho byubaka ubushyuhe.
Imikorere ya polyurethane elastomer iri hagati ya plastiki na reberi, kurwanya amavuta, kwihanganira kwambara, kurwanya ubushyuhe buke, kurwanya gusaza, gukomera cyane na elastique.Ahanini ikoreshwa mubikorwa byinkweto ninganda zubuvuzi.Polyurethane irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugukora ibifatika, gutwikira, uruhu rwubukorikori, nibindi.
Polyurethane yagaragaye muri 1930.Nyuma yimyaka hafi 80 yiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, ibi bikoresho byakoreshejwe cyane mubijyanye nibikoresho byo munzu, ubwubatsi, ibikenerwa bya buri munsi, ubwikorezi, nibikoresho byo murugo.
Ibyiza: PVC Rigid nimwe mubikoresho bya plastiki bikoreshwa cyane.Ibikoresho bya PVC ni ubwoko bwibintu bitari kristu.
Mu mikoreshereze nyayo, ibikoresho bya PVC byongewemo kenshi na stabilisateur, amavuta, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho, pigment, imiti yingaruka nibindi byongeweho.
Ibikoresho bya PVC bifite umuriro, imbaraga nyinshi, kurwanya ikirere hamwe na geometrike ihamye.
PVC ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya okiside, igabanya imiti na acide ikomeye.Icyakora, irashobora kwangirika na aside irike ya aside irike, nka acide sulfurike yibanze hamwe na acide nitricike yibanze, kandi ntibikwiriye guhura na hydrocarbone ya aromatic na hydrocarbone ya chlorine.
Ibibi: Ibiranga imigendekere ya PVC birakennye cyane, kandi inzira yayo iragufi.By'umwihariko, ibikoresho bya PVC bifite uburemere bunini bwa molekuline biragoye cyane kubitunganya (ibikoresho nkibi bikenera kongeramo amavuta kugirango tunonosore ibintu biranga), bityo ibikoresho bya PVC bifite uburemere buke bwa molekile.
Kugabanuka kwa PVC ni hasi cyane, muri rusange 0, 2 - 0, 6%.
PVC iroroshye kurekura gaze yuburozi muburyo bwo kubumba.
Ibyiza bya Nylon:
1. Imbaraga zo gukanika cyane, gukomera kwiza, gukomera kwinshi no gukomeretsa.Imbaraga zidasanzwe zirarenze iz'icyuma, kandi imbaraga zihariye zo guhonyora zigereranywa nicyuma, ariko ubukana bwacyo ntabwo buri munsi yicyuma.Imbaraga zingutu zegereye imbaraga zumusaruro, zirenze inshuro ebyiri hejuru ya ABS.Ubushobozi bwo kwinjiza ingaruka hamwe no guhinda umushyitsi birakomeye, kandi imbaraga zingaruka ziri hejuru cyane ugereranije na plastiki zisanzwe, kandi ziruta iz'ibisigara bya acetal.
2. Kurwanya umunaniro biragaragara, kandi ibice birashobora gukomeza imbaraga zumwimerere nyuma yo kunama inshuro nyinshi.PA ikoreshwa kenshi mugihe ingaruka zumunaniro zigihe cya escalator zisanzwe hamwe nigare rishya rya gare ya plastike bigaragara cyane.
3. Ahantu horoha cyane no kurwanya ubushyuhe (nka nylon 46, nylon nini ya kristalline nylon ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo guhindura ubushyuhe, bushobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire munsi ya 150 ℃. Nyuma yo gushimangira fibre yibirahure, PA66 ifite ubushyuhe bwo guhindura ubushyuhe burenze burenze 250 ℃).
4. Ubuso bworoshye, coefficient ntoya yo guterana, irwanya kwambara.Irisiga amavuta kandi ifite urusaku ruto iyo ikoreshejwe nkibikoresho byimukanwa.Irashobora gukoreshwa idafite amavuta mugihe ingaruka zo guterana zitari hejuru cyane;Niba koko amavuta akenewe kugirango agabanye ubukana cyangwa afashe gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, amazi, amavuta, amavuta, nibindi birashobora gutoranywa.Kubwibyo, nkibikoresho byohereza, bifite ubuzima burebure.
5. Irwanya ruswa, alkali hamwe namazi menshi yumunyu, aside idakomeye, amavuta ya moteri, lisansi, hydrocarubone ya hydrocarubone hamwe nudusemburo rusange, inert yibintu bya aromatic, ariko ntibirwanya aside ikomeye na okiside.Irashobora kurwanya isuri ya lisansi, amavuta, ibinure, inzoga, alkali idakomeye, nibindi kandi ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya gusaza.Irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gupakira amavuta, lisansi, nibindi.
Ibibi:
1. Kwinjiza amazi mabi no guhagarara neza.
2. Kurwanya nabi ubushyuhe buke.
3. Umutungo wa antistatike urakennye.
4. Kurwanya ubushyuhe buke.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-04-2023